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Fault diagnosis guide

From symptom to cause: fault diagnosis

Select the symptoms you observe in your cylinder; see the possible causes, the urgency level, and the first checks you can perform.

Select the symptom you observe (you can pick more than one)

This guide is for general information; never work on a cylinder under load without safety precautions.

The Most Common Hydraulic Cylinder Failures

Most hydraulic cylinder failures are caused by worn sealing elements, rod surface damage and contaminated oil. External leakage usually originates from the rod seal or wiper seal; drifting down on its own under load is most often caused by internal leakage past the piston seal — although a leaking valve can produce the same symptom.

For an accurate diagnosis, you first need to determine whether the problem lies in the cylinder or on the valve/pump side. When the problem is cylinder-related, early overhaul prevents damage to the rod and barrel, reducing overall cost.

Frequently asked questions

Why does a hydraulic cylinder leak oil?
The most common causes are a worn rod seal or dust seal, scratches or chrome damage on the rod surface, and loose port connections.
Why does a hydraulic cylinder drift down under load?
This is usually caused by internal leakage past the piston seal, where oil passes from one chamber to the other. A leaking lock valve or check valve can cause the same symptom, so the valve should be tested separately.
What causes jerky movement in a cylinder?
Air in the system, worn bearing bands, a bent rod, or insufficient flow can lead to jerky (stick-slip) movement.

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